Rice Science ›› 2020, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 215-226.DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2020.04.004
收稿日期:
2019-03-01
接受日期:
2019-06-03
出版日期:
2020-05-28
发布日期:
2020-01-17
. [J]. Rice Science, 2020, 27(3): 215-226.
Fig. 1. T-DNA region of plant expression vector pC3300-Epsps-Cry1Ca. The Epsps# gene used as a selection marker was driven by a maize ubiquitin promoter with Ω enhancer and terminated by nopaline synthase (Nos) terminator. The Cry1Ca# gene was driven by a maize ubiquitin promoter and terminated by CaMV35S poly(A). LB, Left border of T-DNA region; RB, Right border of T-DNA region.
Primer | Forward (5′-3′) | Reverse (5′-3′) | Temperature (ºC) | Product size (bp) | Assay |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epsps | CGCCAAGTCTTTGTGGGTG | GTCCACGGTGACAGGGTTC | 58 | 561 | PCR, Southern blot |
Cry1C | CGTCGCTCAACTGCCTAC | CCTGAACACGGGTCCATT | 55 | 287 | PCR |
Table 1 Primers for PCR and Southern blot.
Primer | Forward (5′-3′) | Reverse (5′-3′) | Temperature (ºC) | Product size (bp) | Assay |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epsps | CGCCAAGTCTTTGTGGGTG | GTCCACGGTGACAGGGTTC | 58 | 561 | PCR, Southern blot |
Cry1C | CGTCGCTCAACTGCCTAC | CCTGAACACGGGTCCATT | 55 | 287 | PCR |
Fig. 2. Molecular identification of T1 transgenic lines. A, PCR detection. B, Southern blotting analysis. M, DNA molecular weight marker; ‘+’, Plasmid pC3300-Epsps-Cry1Ca; 4008S, Transformation receptor; 1, 2, 3 and 4, Transformants E1C4008S-1, E1C4008S-2, E1C4008S-3 and E1C4008S-4, respectively.
Fig. 3. Quantification of EPSPS and CRY1C proteins. A, Comparison of EPSPS protein contents between different transformants and different organs. B, Comparison of CRY1C protein contents between different organs and different transformants. E1C4008S-3 and E1C4008S-4 are two single-copy insertion events of T2 generation. Values represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different uppercase letters above the bars mean significant difference at the 0.01 level.
Fig. 4. Evaluation of resistance to rice leaf roller. A, Leaves gnawed by rice leaf rollers for 5 d. B, Mortality of rice leaf rollers in 5 d. E1C4008S-3 and E1C4008S-4 are of single-copy insertion events in T3 generation; 4008S is of wild type. Values represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different uppercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference at the 0.01 level.
Line | No. of injured plants | No. of injured tillers | No. of injured leaves |
---|---|---|---|
4008S (CK) | 10.33 ± 1.53 A | 29.00 ± 6.00 A | 35.33 ± 6.43 A |
E1C4008S-3 | 0.67 ± 0.58 B | 0.67 ± 0.58 B | 0.67 ± 0.58 B |
E1C4008S-4 | 0.33 ± 0.58 B | 0.33 ± 0.58 B | 0.67 ± 1.15 B |
Table 2 Injuries on plants caused by rice leaf rollers in the field.
Line | No. of injured plants | No. of injured tillers | No. of injured leaves |
---|---|---|---|
4008S (CK) | 10.33 ± 1.53 A | 29.00 ± 6.00 A | 35.33 ± 6.43 A |
E1C4008S-3 | 0.67 ± 0.58 B | 0.67 ± 0.58 B | 0.67 ± 0.58 B |
E1C4008S-4 | 0.33 ± 0.58 B | 0.33 ± 0.58 B | 0.67 ± 1.15 B |
Fig. 5. Toxicity evaluation of protein extracts from rice leaves on the second-instar silkworms. A, Bioassay of the second-instar silkworms fed on mulberry leaves painted with or without CRY1C protein extracts. B, Mortality of the second-instar silkworms fed on mulberry leaves coated with or without CRY1C protein extracts. E1C4008S-3 and E1C4008S-4 are of single-copy insertion events in T3 generation; 4008S is of wild type. Values represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different uppercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference at the 0.01 level.
Fig. 6. Identification of glyphosate resistance of transgenic rice. A, Spraying glyphosate at different concentrations on T3 generation transgenic plants. 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 g/L indicate different concentrations of glyphosate solution (these converted to dosage were 0, 1.70, 3.40, 6.80, 10.20, 27.21, 34.01, 40.82, 47.62 and 54.42 kg/hm2, respectively). B, Germination of T3 generation seeds on media containing different concentrations of glyphosate. 0, 34, 170, 340, 680 and 1000 mg/L indicate different concentrations of glyphosate in culture medium. E1C4008S-3 and E1C4008S-4 are transgenic lines; 4008S is wild type.
Hybrid a | Plant height (cm) | Main panicle length (cm) | No. of effective panicles per plant | No. of grains per panicle | Seed-setting rate (%) | 1000-grain weight (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4008S/Yunnan aromatic rice | 77.22 ± 1.89 Aa | 20.19 ± 0.43 Aa | 12.6 ± 1.3 Aa | 116.9 ± 10.7 Aa | 92.1 ± 1.0 Aa | 24.36 ± 0.40 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/Yunnan aromatic rice | 78.00 ± 1.25 Aa | 19.54 ± 0.49 Aa | 13.2 ± 1.3 Aa | 101.1 ± 8.5 Ab | 88.6 ± 2.2 Aa | 24.37 ± 0.43 Aa |
4008S/W017 | 67.99 ± 0.82 Aa | 17.06 ± 0.57 Aa | 13.1 ± 1.6 Aa | 113.0 ± 13.4 Aa | 89.0 ± 2.2 Aa | 23.87 ± 0.19 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/W017 | 68.68 ± 1.82 Aa | 16.51 ± 0.49 Aa | 13.8 ± 1.0 Aa | 106.7 ± 9.0 Aa | 88.6 ± 3.5 Aa | 23.70 ± 0.30 Aa |
4008S/Dalixiang | 73.13 ± 1.09 Aa | 18.53 ± 0.82 Aa | 10.4 ± 1.3 Aa | 87.1 ± 7. 8 Aa | 87.3 ± 1.2 Aa | 25.78 ± 0.14 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/Dalixiang | 72.54 ± 1.72 Aa | 18.47 ± 0.37 Aa | 10.7 ± 1.8 Aa | 83.9 ± 9.3 Aa | 86.1 ± 3.0 Aa | 25.90 ± 0.19 Aa |
4008S/Guanghui 390 | 80.03 ± 1.62 Aa | 19.73 ± 0.48 Aa | 11.3 ± 1.6 Aa | 115.1 ± 10.7 Aa | 73.3 ± 8.1 Aa | 22.49 ± 0.30 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/Guanghui 390 | 80.49 ± 2.33 Aa | 18.94 ± 0.78 Aa | 10.8 ± 2.2 Aa | 107.7 ± 10.6 Aa | 77.1 ± 2.6 Aa | 22.20 ± 0.26 Aa |
4008S/R2292 | 74.80 ± 1.53 Aa | 19.42 ± 1.56 Aa | 10.4 ± 1.4 Aa | 96.8 ± 9.1 Aa | 62.6 ± 6.8 Aa | 22.73 ± 0.37 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/R2292 | 75.14 ± 2.12 Aa | 19.06 ± 0.93 Aa | 10.7 ± 1.3 Aa | 92.2 ± 7.2 Aa | 58.7 ± 2.9 Aa | 23.03 ± 0.60 Aa |
4008S/R299 | 80.43 ± 1.62 Aa | 18.46 ± 0.65 Aa | 12.0 ± 1.6 Aa | 100.4 ± 14.5 Aa | 51.3 ± 5.7 Aa | 23.01 ± 0.39 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/R299 | 80.06 ± 1.73 Aa | 18.42 ± 0.60 Aa | 12.5 ± 1.1 Aa | 94.4 ± 5.4 Aa | 51.4 ± 1.9 Aa | 23.22 ± 0.24 Aa |
4008S | 64.30 ± 2.42 Aa | 18.03 ± 0.85 Aa | 13.5 ± 1.2 Aa | 85.3 ± 14.6 Aa | 38.8 ± 4.0 Aa | 24.86 ± 0.62 Aa |
E1C4008S-4 | 66.39 ± 3.00 Aa | 18.83 ± 1.03 Aa | 10.7 ± 2.2 Ab | 92.0 ± 13.3 Aa | 42.4 ± 5.1 Aa | 24.67 ± 0.30 Aa |
Table 3 Agronomic traits of male sterile lines and F1 hybrids from E1C4008S-4 and 4008S crossing with the same male parent.
Hybrid a | Plant height (cm) | Main panicle length (cm) | No. of effective panicles per plant | No. of grains per panicle | Seed-setting rate (%) | 1000-grain weight (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4008S/Yunnan aromatic rice | 77.22 ± 1.89 Aa | 20.19 ± 0.43 Aa | 12.6 ± 1.3 Aa | 116.9 ± 10.7 Aa | 92.1 ± 1.0 Aa | 24.36 ± 0.40 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/Yunnan aromatic rice | 78.00 ± 1.25 Aa | 19.54 ± 0.49 Aa | 13.2 ± 1.3 Aa | 101.1 ± 8.5 Ab | 88.6 ± 2.2 Aa | 24.37 ± 0.43 Aa |
4008S/W017 | 67.99 ± 0.82 Aa | 17.06 ± 0.57 Aa | 13.1 ± 1.6 Aa | 113.0 ± 13.4 Aa | 89.0 ± 2.2 Aa | 23.87 ± 0.19 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/W017 | 68.68 ± 1.82 Aa | 16.51 ± 0.49 Aa | 13.8 ± 1.0 Aa | 106.7 ± 9.0 Aa | 88.6 ± 3.5 Aa | 23.70 ± 0.30 Aa |
4008S/Dalixiang | 73.13 ± 1.09 Aa | 18.53 ± 0.82 Aa | 10.4 ± 1.3 Aa | 87.1 ± 7. 8 Aa | 87.3 ± 1.2 Aa | 25.78 ± 0.14 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/Dalixiang | 72.54 ± 1.72 Aa | 18.47 ± 0.37 Aa | 10.7 ± 1.8 Aa | 83.9 ± 9.3 Aa | 86.1 ± 3.0 Aa | 25.90 ± 0.19 Aa |
4008S/Guanghui 390 | 80.03 ± 1.62 Aa | 19.73 ± 0.48 Aa | 11.3 ± 1.6 Aa | 115.1 ± 10.7 Aa | 73.3 ± 8.1 Aa | 22.49 ± 0.30 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/Guanghui 390 | 80.49 ± 2.33 Aa | 18.94 ± 0.78 Aa | 10.8 ± 2.2 Aa | 107.7 ± 10.6 Aa | 77.1 ± 2.6 Aa | 22.20 ± 0.26 Aa |
4008S/R2292 | 74.80 ± 1.53 Aa | 19.42 ± 1.56 Aa | 10.4 ± 1.4 Aa | 96.8 ± 9.1 Aa | 62.6 ± 6.8 Aa | 22.73 ± 0.37 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/R2292 | 75.14 ± 2.12 Aa | 19.06 ± 0.93 Aa | 10.7 ± 1.3 Aa | 92.2 ± 7.2 Aa | 58.7 ± 2.9 Aa | 23.03 ± 0.60 Aa |
4008S/R299 | 80.43 ± 1.62 Aa | 18.46 ± 0.65 Aa | 12.0 ± 1.6 Aa | 100.4 ± 14.5 Aa | 51.3 ± 5.7 Aa | 23.01 ± 0.39 Aa |
E1C4008S-4/R299 | 80.06 ± 1.73 Aa | 18.42 ± 0.60 Aa | 12.5 ± 1.1 Aa | 94.4 ± 5.4 Aa | 51.4 ± 1.9 Aa | 23.22 ± 0.24 Aa |
4008S | 64.30 ± 2.42 Aa | 18.03 ± 0.85 Aa | 13.5 ± 1.2 Aa | 85.3 ± 14.6 Aa | 38.8 ± 4.0 Aa | 24.86 ± 0.62 Aa |
E1C4008S-4 | 66.39 ± 3.00 Aa | 18.83 ± 1.03 Aa | 10.7 ± 2.2 Ab | 92.0 ± 13.3 Aa | 42.4 ± 5.1 Aa | 24.67 ± 0.30 Aa |
[1] | Avisar D, Eilenberg H, Keller M, Reznik N, Segal M, Sneh B, Zilberstein A.2009. TheBacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin Cry1C as a potential bioinsecticide in plants. Plant Sci, 176(3): 315-324. |
[2] | Bai Y S, Zhang P J.1996. Breeding ofjaponica wide compatibility photosensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) line 4008S and its characteristics. J Anhui Agric Sci, 24(4): 294-296. (in Chinese) |
[3] | Chen H, Lin Y J, Zhang Q F.2009. Review and prospect of transgenic rice research.Sci Bull, 54(22): 4049-4068. |
[4] | Chen S H, Zhai H Q.2000. Breeding strategies for superior high- yielding hybrid rice.Res Agric Modern, 21(3): 147-150. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[5] | Chhapekar S, Raghavendrarao S, Pavan G, Ramakrishna C, Singh V K, Phanindra M L V, Dhandapani G, Sreevathsa R, Kumar P A.2015. Transgenic rice expressing a codon-modified synthetic CP4-EPSPS, confers tolerance to broad-spectrum herbicide, glyphosate.Plant Cell Rep, 34(5): 721-731. |
[6] | Datta K, Vasquez A, Tu J, Torrizo L, Alam M F, Oliva N, Abrigo E, Khush G S, Datta S K.1998. Constitutive and tissue-specific differential expression of thecry1A(b) gene in transgenic rice plants conferring resistance to rice insect pest. Theor Appl Genet, 97: 20-30. |
[7] | Deng L H, Deng X X, Wei S J, Cao Z C, Tang L, Xiao G Y.2014a. Development and identification of herbicide and insect resistant transgenic plant B1C893 in rice.Hybrid Rice, 29(1): 66-67. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[8] | Deng L H, Weng L S, Xiao G Y.2014b. Optimization ofEpsps gene and development of double herbicide tolerant transgenic PGMS rice. J Agric Sci Technol, 16(1): 217-228. |
[9] | Edwards J.2001. Weed control in roundup ReadyTM rice.Proc Cal Weed Sci, 2001: 133-135. |
[10] | Fu Y P, Zhu Z G, Xiao H, Hu G C, Si H M, Yu Y H, Sun Z X.2001. Primary study on mechanization of seed production of hybrid rice by inducingBar gene to Pei’ai 64S. Chin J Rice Sci, 15(2): 97-100. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[11] | Fujimoto H, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, Kyozuka J, Shimamoto K.1994. Insect resistant rice generated by introduction of a modified δ-endotoxin gene ofBacillus thuringiensis. Biocontrol Sci Technol, 11(10): 1151-1155. |
[12] | Gao Y L, Hu Y, Fu Q, Zhang J, Oppert B, Lai F X, Peng Y F, Zhang Z T.2010. Screen ofBacillus thuringiensis toxins for transgenic rice to control Sesamia inferens and Chilo suppressalis. J Invertebr Pathol, 105(1): 11-15. |
[13] | Gu M H.1988. The inheritance of wide compatibility gene(s) and its utilization in rice breeding. J Jiangsu Agric Coll, 9(2): 19-26. (in Chinese) |
[14] | Hu W B, Deng X Y, Deng X X, Deng L H, Xiao Y L, He X J, Fu X Q, Xiao G Y.2018. Characteristic analysis of tetra-resistant genetically modified rice.J Integr Agric, 17(3): 493-506. |
[15] | Ikehashi H, Araki H.1984. Varietal screening of compatibility types revealed in F1 fertility of distant crosses in rice.Jpn J Breeding, 34(3): 304-313. |
[16] | Lin Y J, Zhang Q F.2005. Optimizing the tissue culture conditions for high efficiency transformation ofindica rice. Plant Cell Rep, 23(8): 540-547. |
[17] | Lu C G, Li X, Chen G X.2017. Photosynthetic characteristics and its physiological basis of super high-yielding hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu.Sci Agric Sin, 50(21): 4055-4070. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[18] | Murray M G, Thompson W F.1980. Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA.Nucl Acids Res, 8(19): 4321-4325. |
[19] | Muthayya S, Sugimoto J D, Montgomery S, Maberly G F.2014. An overview of global rice production, supply, trade, and consumption.Ann NY Acad Sci, 1324(1): 7-14. |
[20] | Nayak P, Basu D, Das S, Basu A, Ghosh D, Ramakrishnan N A, Ghosh M, Sen S K.1997. Transgenic eliteindica rice plants expressing Cry1A(c) delta-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis are resistance against yellow stem borer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 94: 2111-2116. |
[21] | Oerke E C.2006. Crop losses to pests.J Agric Sci Technol, 144(1): 31-43. |
[22] | Padgette S R, Kolacz K H, Delannay X, Re D B, Lavallee B J, Tinius C N.1995. Development, identification, and characterization of a glyphosate-tolerant soybean line.Crop Sci, 35(5): 1451-1461. |
[23] | Qing S, Song X L, Dai W M.2010. The opportunity and challenge faced by transgenic herbicide-resistant crops and their development strategy.J Agric Biotechnol, 18(1): 114-125. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[24] | Rawat P, Singh A K, Ray K, Chaudhary B, Kumar S, Gautam T, Kanoria S, Kaur G, Kumar P, Pental D, Burma P K.2011. Detrimental effect of expression ofBt endotoxin Cry1Ac on in vitro regeneration, in vivo growth and development of tobacco and cotton transgenics. J Biosci, 36(2): 363-376. |
[25] | Ren X L, Hu H Y, Jiang W L, Ma X Y, Ma Y J, Li G Q, Ma Y.2017. Three GPI-anchored alkaline phosphatases are involved in the intoxication of Cry1Ca toxin toSpodoptera exigua larvae. J Invertebr Pathol, 151: 32-40. |
[26] | Shu Q R, Ye G Y, Cui H R, Xiang Y B, Gao M W.1998. Development of transgenicBacillus thuringiensis rice resistant to rice stem borders and leaf folders. J Zhejiang Agric Univ, 24(6): 570-580. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[27] | Si S D.2007. Toxicity evaluation of twenty-five pesticides toBombyx mori and observation of toxic symptoms. Sci Sericult, 33: 422-426. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[28] | Song X W, Lin J R, Wu G M.2010. Genetic improvement and biological characteristic analysis of dwarf abortive typejaponica cytoplasmic male sterile line with wide compatibility. Chin J Rice Sci, 24: 595-600. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[29] | Su J, Chen J M, Tian D G.2008. A gene encodes 5-enol- pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate mutagenized by error-prone PCR conferred rice with high glyphosate-tolerance.Mol Plant Breeding, 6(5): 830-836. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[30] | Surzycki S.2000. DNA transfer and hybridization. In: Basic Techniques in Molecular Biology. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer: 233-262. |
[31] | Tang W, Chen H, Xu C G, Li X H, Lin Y J, Zhang Q F.2006. Development of insect-resistant transgenic indica rice with a syntheticcry1C* gene. Mol Breeding, 18(1): 1-10. |
[32] | Toki S, Hara N, Ono K, Onodera H, Tagiri A, Oka S, Tanaka H.2006. Early infection of scutellum tissue withAgrobacterium allows high-speed transformation of rice. Plant J, 47(6): 969-976. |
[33] | Tu J, Zhang G, Datta K, Xu C, He Y, Zhang Q F, Khush G S, Datta K S.2000. Field performance of transgenic elite commercial hybrid rice expressingBacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin. Nat Biotechnol, 18(10): 1101-1104. |
[34] | Visalakshmi V, Satyanarayna N H, Jyothula D P B, Raju M R B, Murthy K V R.2014. Screening of rice germplasm for resistance to yellow stem borerScirpophaga incertulas walker. Int J Plant Anim Environ Sci, 4(1): 130-133. |
[35] | Wang J J, Xu Y B, Shen Z T.1991. Exploring major restraince to utilization ofindica-japonica hybrid rice. Sci Agric Sin, 24(1): 27-33. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[36] | Wu C, Fan Y, Zhang C, Oliva N, Datta S K.1997. Transgenic fertilejaponica rice plants expressing a modified Cry1Ab gene resistant to yellow stem borer. Plant Cell Rep, 17(2): 129-132. |
[37] | Wu H M.2005. Study on cultivation and application of herbicide resistant rice. [PhD Thesis] Wuhan, Hubei: Huazhong Agricultural University. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[38] | Xiao G Y.1997. The view of crop herbicide resistance for heterosis utilization.Hybrid Rice, 12(5): 1-3. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[39] | Xiao G Y.2009. Recent advances in development of herbicide resistant transgenic hybrid rice in China.Rice Sci, 16(3): 235-239. |
[40] | Xiao G Y, Chen F, Meng Q C, Zhou H, Li J J, Yu J H, Deng L H, Weng L S.2015. Ecological risk and management of herbicide- resistant transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) in China. J Agric Biotechnol, 23(1): 1-11. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[41] | Xiao G Y, Xiao Y L, Li J J, Deng L H, Weng L S, Meng Q C, Yu J H.2019. High efficiency is a dominant target for current rice breeding.Chin J Rice Sci, 33(4): 287-292. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[42] | Yan Y C.1996. A preliminary report on the breeding of wide compatibility PTGMSR line y867S. Hybrid Rice, 13(2): 37. (in Chinese) |
[43] | Yang Y, Liu Y, Cao F Q, Chen X P, Cheng L S, Romeis J, Li Y H, Peng Y F.2014. Consumption ofBt rice pollen containing Cry1C or Cry2A protein poses a low to negligible risk to the silkworm Bombyx mori(Lepidoptera: Bombyxidae). PLoS One, 9(7): e102302. |
[44] | Yang Z, Chen H, Tang W, Hua H X, Lin Y J.2011. Development and characterization of transgenic rice expressing twoBacillus thuringiensis genes. Pest Manag Sci, 67(4): 414-422. |
[45] | Ye R J, Huang H Q, Yang Z, Chen T Y, Liu L, Li X H, Chen H, Lin Y J.2009. Development of insect-resistant transgenic rice with Cry1C*-free endosperm.Pest Manag Sci, 65(9): 1015-1020. |
[46] | Yuan L P.1987. Strategic conception of hybrid rice breeding.Hybrid Rice, (1): 1-3. (in Chinese) |
[47] | Zaidi M A, Ye G Y, Yao H W, You T H, Loit E, Dean D H, Riazuddin S, Altosaar I.2009. Transgenic rice plants expressing a modifiedcry1Ca1 gene are resistant to Spodoptera litura and Chilosuppressalis. Mol Biotechnol, 43(3): 232-242. |
[48] | Zhang Q F.2007. Strategies for developing green super rice.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104: 16402-16409. |
[49] | Zhang P J, Sun M, Bai Y S.2001. Breeding and application of the two-line japonica hybrid rice combination―40 You 04. J Anhui Agric,29(2): 177, 186. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[50] | Zhao T, Lin C Y, Shen Z C.2011. Development of transgenic glyphosate-resistant rice withG6 gene encoding 5-enolpyruvyl- shikimate-3-phosphate synthase. Agric Sci China, 10(9): 1307-1312. |
[51] | Zhu D F, Cheng S H, Zhang Y P, Lin X Q, Chen H Z.2010. Analysis of status and constraints of rice production in the world.Sci Agric Sin, 43(3): 474-479. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
No related articles found! |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||